What are the 12 Jyotirlingas?

The 12 Jyotirlingas are sacred shrines of Lord Shiva, scattered across India. These are believed to be the most divine manifestations of Shiva’s energy and are among the holiest pilgrimage destinations for devotees.

The word Jyotirlinga is derived from two Sanskrit words — Jyoti meaning “light” and linga referring to the symbolic representation of Shiva. According to Hindu scriptures, Lord Shiva appeared in the form of a fiery column of light at each of these sites.

Devotees believe visiting all 12 Jyotirlingas washes away sins and grants spiritual liberation (moksha).

List of 12 Jyotirlingas in India

Note: Kedarnath is closed during heavy snowfall and reopens after Akshaya Tritiya.

Significance and Legends of Each Jyotirlinga

Each Jyotirlinga has a unique origin story tied to Hindu mythology:

• Somnath: Rebuilt several times, it is considered the eternal shrine of light.
• Mallikarjuna: Located atop the Nallamala hills, it’s linked to the tale of Lord Shiva visiting Kartikeya.
• Mahakaleshwar: Known for its south-facing linga and Bhasma Aarti, symbolizing death and rebirth.
• Omkareshwar: Set on an island shaped like ‘Om’, a sacred syllable.
• Kedarnath: One of the toughest pilgrimages, tied to the Pandavas’ journey for salvation.
• Bhimashankar: Believed to be where Shiva defeated the demon Tripurasura.
• Kashi Vishwanath: It is believed that salvation is guaranteed to those who die in Kashi.
• Trimbakeshwar: Birthplace of the Godavari River and symbol of Trimurti — Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva.
• Vaidyanath: Where Ravana is said to have offered his ten heads to please Shiva.
• Nageshwar: Protects against all forms of poison and is revered for its divine shield.
• Rameshwaram: Associated with Lord Rama worshipping Shiva before going to Lanka.
• Grishneshwar: The last Jyotirlinga, rebuilt by Ahilyabai Holkar, linked to a story of devotion by Ghushma.

Suggested Travel Circuits for Jyotirlinga Yatras

Temple Visiting Tips

• Best Times: Avoid monsoon for Himalayan shrines like Kedarnath. Winter is ideal for southern temples.
• Festivals: Maha Shivratri, Shravan month, and temple-specific utsavs are highly recommended for visits.
• Dress Code: Modest attire is expected at most temples; some require traditional Indian wear.
• Rituals: Some temples allow abhishek directly on the linga, others offer darshan from a distance.
• Opening Hours: Most temples open by 4:00–6:00 AM and close around 9:00–10:00 PM with breaks in the afternoon.

Importance of Visiting the 12 Jyotirlingas

Visiting all 12 Jyotirlingas is believed to:

• Offer moksha (liberation) from the cycle of birth and death
• Provide spiritual cleansing and divine blessings
• Strengthen a devotee’s connection with the divine energy of Lord Shiva
• Represent a pan-India pilgrimage that connects devotees from north to south

Best Time to Visit the Jyotirlingas

• Summer (April–June): Ideal for Himalayan and central India shrines.
• Winter (October–February): Best for southern and coastal Jyotirlingas.
• Maha Shivratri & Shravan Maas: Spiritually charged periods with mass pilgrim turnouts.

12 Jyotirlingas in India FAQs

Q1. Is it necessary to visit all 12 Jyotirlingas?
Not mandatory, but considered highly meritorious and spiritually fulfilling.

Q2. Which Jyotirlinga is hardest to reach?
Kedarnath, due to its high-altitude trek and seasonal access.

Q3. What is the best time to visit Kedarnath?
Between May and October, avoiding the monsoon.

Q4. Do these temples have specific rituals?
Yes. Many have unique aartis, abhisheks, and darshan protocols.

Q5. Which is the oldest Jyotirlinga?
Somnath is considered the oldest and most significant.